Volcano scientist name
Katia and Maurice Krafft
French volcanologists
Catherine Joséphine "Katia" Krafft (née Conrad; 17 April – 3 June ) and her husband, Maurice Paul Krafft (25 March – 3 June ) were French volcanologists and filmmakers who died in a pyroclastic flow on Mount Unzen, Nagasaki, Japan, on 3 June The Kraffts became well known as pioneers in the filming, photographing, and recording of volcanoes, often coming within feet of lava flows.
Their obituary appeared in the Bulletin of Volcanology.[1] Since their deaths, their work has been featured in two documentary films by Werner Herzog, Into the Inferno () and The Fire Within: A Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft (), and a further film, Fire of Love (), depicted their lives, relationship and careers using their archived footage.
Early life and education
Katia
Katia Conrad was born on 17 April in Guebwiller, France, to Charles and Madeleine Conrad.[1] She graduated from the University of Strasbourg with degrees in physics and chemistry.[2]
Maurice
Maurice Krafft was born on 25 March in Mulhouse, France.[3] He first became interested in volcanoes during a family holiday to Naples and Stromboli when he was seven years old.[1] He joined the Société géologique de France when he was 15, and went on to study geology, first at the University of Besançon, and later at the University of Strasbourg.[1]
Together
The two met while students at the University of Strasbourg, and married in [4][5] The couple honeymooned at Stromboli, where they photographed its near-continuous eruption.[6] Recognising the public interest in the documentation of volcanic eruptions, they began to make a career of filming them.
Career
The Kraffts were often the first to arrive at the scene of an active volcano, and became well known in the volcanologist community.[7] Their footage of the effects of volcanic eruptions on the surrounding areas often played a considerable part in gaining the cooperation of local authorities faced with volcanic threats.
Following the onset of activity at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in , the Kraffts' footage of the impact of the Nevado del Ruizlahar in Colombia, which had caused the Armero tragedy, was shown to large numbers of people, including the then president of the Philippines, Corazon Aquino, and was attributed to convincing a number of sceptics that an evacuation of the area was necessary.[8]
Katia started her career by taking gas samples of volcanoes and documenting eruptions by observing them in person, writing books on her findings to fund her trips; her books pioneered a new area of volcanic coverage.[9] The Kraffts' close-up footage of volcanic eruptions has been attributed to enhancing geologists' understanding and knowledge of the topic, while Katia has been cited as a pioneer in the field of female volcanologists.[9] In addition to their observations, the Kraffts also took measures, gas readings, and samples, often feet away from pyroclastic and lava flows, and documented how the eruptions affected the local ecosystem.[10] The Kraffts documented the formation of new volcanoes, in addition to the effects of acid rain and ash clouds.[11]
Throughout the s and s, the Kraffts documented various volcanoes and volcanic eruptions; often Maurice would film them while Katia took photographs.[11] In , the Kraffts featured in "The Volcano Watchers", an episode in the sixth season of the PBS series Nature.[12]
One of the Kraffts' final projects was "Understanding Volcanic Hazards and Reducing Volcanic Risks", in which they produced informational films and educational materials on the science of volcanic eruptions and the need of evacuations.[13]
Mount Unzen eruption and deaths
Main article: Mount Unzen §&#; eruption
On 3 June at 4pm local time, Mount Unzen erupted, forming pyroclastic flows that rushed down its slopes, killing 43 people including the Kraffts, as well as their fellow volcanologist Harry Glicken, who had accompanied them to observe the eruption.
On 5 June , the bodies of the Kraffts and Glicken were recovered. Katia and Maurice were found near their rental car, lying side by side under a layer of pyroclastic ash; Glicken's body was located nearby. The bodies were burned beyond recognition and were identified using personal items, including Maurice's watch and camera.
The bodies' position suggested that Glicken had attempted to flee from the flow, while the Kraffts had remained where they were. Material they filmed of the approaching flow was destroyed by the volcanic heat.[14][15]
The remains of the Kraffts were cremated during a Catholic funeral service, and were placed at the Anyo-ji Shrine in Shimabara, which was dedicated to the victims of the Unzen earthquake and tsunami.[16] Their ashes were subsequently interred at Katia's family plot in France.[17]
After his death, Maurice was quoted in the Associated Press as stating that he wanted to die pursuing his work "at the edge of a volcano."[14]
Legacy
A volcanic crater, M.
and K. Krafft Crater, on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano in Réunion, France, is named after the couple. The crater is located at 21°13′23″S55°43′2″E / °S °E / ; [18] Lava erupted from this crater in March [19]
The Krafft Medal honours the Kraffts' memory and is awarded every four years by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior to someone who has made significant contributions to volcanology through service to communities affected by volcanic activity.[20]
The Centre for the Study of Active Volcanoes at the University of Hawai'i at Hilo established a fund remembering the Kraffts, the Maurice and Katia Krafft Memorial Fund.
Donations are directed to educate people in countries of high volcanic risk about the hazards active volcanoes pose.[21]
Books
Maurice Krafft
- Guide des volcans d’Europe&#;: généralités, France, Islande, Italie, Grèce, Allemagne, Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestlé, , pages.
- Questions à un volcanologue&#;: Maurice Krafft répond, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, , pages.
- Les Volcans et leurs secrets, Paris: Nathan, , 63 pages.
- Le Monde merveilleux des volcans, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, , 58 pages.
- Les Feux de la Terre&#;: Histoire de volcans, collection «&#;Découvertes Gallimard&#;» (nº ), série Sciences et techniques.
Paris: Gallimard, (new edition in [22]), pages.
- Volcanoes: Fire from the Earth, "Abrams Discoveries" series, New York: Harry N. Abrams,
- Volcanoes: Fire from the Earth, 'New Horizons' series, London: Thames & Hudson,
Maurice and Katia Krafft
- À l’assaut des volcans, Islande, Indonésie, Paris: Presses de la Cité, , pages.
- Preface by Eugène Ionesco, Les Volcans, Paris: Draeger-Vilo, , pages.
- La Fournaise, volcan actif de l’île de la Réunion, Saint-Denis: Éditions Roland Benard, , pages.
- Volcans, le réveil de la Terre, Paris: Hachette-Réalités, , pages.
- Dans l’antre du Diable&#;: volcans d’Afrique, Canaries et Réunion, Paris: Presses de la Cité, , pages.
- Volcans et tremblements de terre, Paris: Les Deux Coqs d’Or, , 78 pages.
- Volcans et dérives des continents, Paris: Hachette, , pages.
- Les plus beaux volcans, d’Alaska en Antarctique et Hawaï, Paris: Solar, , 88 pages.
- Volcans et éruptions, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, , 90 pp.
- Les Volcans du monde, Vevey-Lausanne: Éditions Mondo, , pages.
- Objectif volcans, Paris: Nathan Image, , pp.
- Führer zu den Virunga Vulkanen, Stuttgart: F.
Enke, , pages.
Maurice Krafft and Roland Benard
- Au cœur de la Fournaise, Orléans: Éditions Nourault-Bénard, , pages.
Maurice Krafft, Katia Krafft and François-Dominique de Larouzière
- Guide des volcans d'Europe et des Canaries, Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestlé, , pages.
References
- ^ abcdKeller, Jorg ().
"Memorial for Katja and Maurice Krafft". Bulletin of Volcanology. 54 (7): – BibcodeBVolK. doi/BF S2CID&#;
- ^"Katia and Maurice Krafft were devoted to volcanoes—and each other". The Economist. 10 August ISSN&#; Archived from the original on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
- ^Ragot, Mathilde (16 September ).
"Qui étaient Katia et Maurice Krafft, le célèbre couple de volcanologues?". Geo (in French). Archived from the original on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
- ^Grierson, Tom (9 July ). "'Fire of Love' is a tribute to a married couple's fatal love affair with volcanoes". MEL Magazine.
Archived from the original on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
- ^Rinard Hinga, Bethany D. (). Ring of fire: an encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's earthquakes, tsumanis, and volcanoes. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; Archived from the original on Retrieved
- ^Glasser, Joyce (3 August ).
- Famous scientists
- Volcanology famous scientists biography pdf
- Worlds famous scientists biography
"Katia and Maurice Krafft's marriage was fuelled and consumed by the heat of volcanoes". Mature Times. Archived from the original on 17 August Retrieved 14 January
- ^Bahr, Lindsey (5 July ). "A celebrity volcanologist couple spotlighted in new doc". AP News. Archived from the original on 27 July Retrieved 27 July
- ^Newhall, Chris; Solidum, Renato U.
().
Volcanology famous scientists biography Volcanologists working in academia will be usually involved in teaching geology classes if based at a university lecturer or professor , running of laboratory experiments, data collection, and writing of scientific peer-reviewed papers for the scientific community to critique and advance knowledge and discovery. S [ edit ]. Article Talk. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer.Volcanic Hazard Communication at Pinatubo from to . Advances in Volcanology. Advances in Volcanology. pp.&#;– doi/__ ISBN&#;. S2CID&#; Archived from the original on 27 July Retrieved 27 July
- ^ abWei-Haas, Maya (9 January ). "She fell in love with the majesty of volcanoes—and changed how science sees them".
National Geographic. Archived from the original on 13 January Retrieved 14 January
- ^Herndon, Jaime (9 December ).Volcanology famous scientists biography summary I [ edit ]. Having a better understanding of the processes that precede an eruption can lead to increased safety for those who live in the shadow of a volcano. With little to no warning of when a volcano may erupt, people in the vicinity are left to battle these potential hazards. Glaciology Hydrogeology Marine geology.
"A burning passion". American Scientist. Archived from the original on 12 December Retrieved 14 January
- ^ abIgnotofsky, Rachel (). Women in science: 50 fearless pioneers who changed the world (1st&#;ed.). New York City: Clarkson Potter. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; Archived from the original on Retrieved
- ^Krafft, Maurice; Krafft, Katia; Kelly, Ned; Heeley, David; Page, George ().
"The volcano watchers". Nature. British Broadcasting Corporation, PBS Home Video, Pacific Arts Video.
- ^Moloney, Sarah (29 November ). "Fire of Love: volcanic passion".
Famous scientists: To understand the processes that lead to volcanic eruptions with the hope that someday scientists will be able to predict them. Volcanology was considered to be still in its infancy until the eruption of Mount St. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. In other projects.
FSU Student Union. Archived from the original on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
- ^ abTalmadge, E (June 7, ). "Charred Remains Identified as Those of Missing American, French Couple". Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 7, Retrieved December 17,
- ^Calderazzo, John ().
"Fire in the Earth, Fire in the Soul: The Final Moments of Maurice and Katia Krafft". Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment. 4 (2): 71– doi/isle/ JSTOR&#; Archived from the original on Retrieved
- ^Veriniere, James (). "'Fire of Love' captures scientists' romance & risk taking among volcanoes".
Boston Herald. Archived from the original on Retrieved
- ^Herzog, Werner () The Fire Within: A Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft.
- ^Bachelery, P.; Lenat, J-F.; Di Muro, A.; Michon, L., eds. (). Active Volcanoes of the Southwest Indian Ocean: Piton de la Fournaise and Katharla. Berlin: Springer.
p.&#; ISBN&#;.
- ^"Activité historique du Piton de la Fournaise". Observatoire volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise.Volcanology famous scientists biography for kids The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. Her research involves making observations and collecting data and samples near active volcanoes, that she then examines in a lab. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata. Explorer Profile: Stephanie Grocke, Volcanologist.
Archived from the original on 6 October Retrieved 3 June
- ^"Krafft Medal". . Archived from the original on Retrieved
- ^"Krafft Memorial Fund". University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo. Archived from the original on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
- ^"Les feux de la terre&#;: Histoires de volcans, collection Découvertes Gallimard (n° )".
(in French). Éditions Gallimard. Archived from the original on 13 January Retrieved 10 June
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- Rinard Hinga, B. D. (). "Krafft, Katja (Katia), and Krafft, Maurica". Ring of Fire: An Encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes: An Encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes.
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- Flam, F. (June 14, ). "Volcano Claims Scientists' Lives". Science. (). American Association for the Advancement of Science: – doi/sciencec. JSTOR&#; PMID&#;
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