Adoration of the magi botticelli

Filippo Lippi

Italian Renaissance painter (c. –)

This article is about the Italian painter. For the Norwegian new wave band, see Fra Lippo Lippi (band). For the Robert Browning poem, see Fra Lippo Lippi (poem).

Not to be confused with Filippino Lippi.

In this Renaissance Florentine name, the name Lippi is an indicator of birthplace, not a family name; the person is properly referred to by the given name, Filippo.

Filippo Lippi (c.&#; – 8 October ), also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Quattrocento (fifteenth century) and a Carmelite priest.

He was an early Renaissance master of a painting workshop, who taught many painters. Sandro Botticelli and Francesco di Pesello (called Pesellino) were among his most distinguished pupils. His son, Filippino Lippi, also studied under him and assisted in some late works.

Biography

Lippi was born in Florence in to Tommaso, a butcher, and his wife.

He was orphaned when he was two years old and sent to live with his aunt,[2] Mona Lapaccia.[citation needed] Because she was too poor to rear him, she placed him in the neighboring Carmelite convent when he was eight years old. There, he started his education. In , he was admitted to the novitiate of the Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel, known commonly as the Carmelites, at the priory of Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence, taking religious vows in the Order the following year, at the age of sixteen.

  • Portrait of a youth botticelli
  • Adoration of the magi (fra angelico and filippo lippi)
  • Adoration of the magi giotto
  • Adoration of the magi leonardo

    • He was ordained as a priest in approximately and remained in residence at the priory until [2]Giorgio Vasari, the first art historian of the Renaissance, writes in his Lives of the Artists that Lippi was inspired to become a painter by watching Masaccio at work in the Carmine church. Lippi's early work, notably the Tarquinia Madonna (Galleria Nazionale, Rome) shows the influence of Masaccio.[3] Vasari writes of Lippi: "Instead of studying, he spent all his time scrawling pictures on his own books and those of others."[4] Due to Lippi's interest, the prior decided to give him the opportunity to learn painting.

    In , Filippo Lippi quit the monastery, although he was not released from his vows. In a letter dated he describes himself as the poorest friar of Florence, charged with the maintenance of six marriageable nieces.

    According to Vasari, Lippi then went on to visit Ancona and Naples, where he was captured by Barbary pirates and kept as a slave.

    Reportedly, his skill in portrait-sketching helped to eventually release him.[7] Louis Gillet, writing for the Catholic Encyclopedia, considers this account and other details reported about Lippi, as "assuredly nothing but a romance".[2]

    With Lippi's return to Florence in , his paintings had become popular, warranting the support of the Medici family, who commissioned the Annunciation and the Seven Saints.

    Cosimo de' Medici had to imprison him in order to compel him to work, and even then the painter escaped by a rope made of his sheets. His escapades threw him into financial difficulties from which he did not hesitate to extricate himself by forgery.[2] His life included many similar tales of lawsuits, complaints, broken promises, and scandal.[3]

    In , Lippi painted the altarpiece of the Coronation of the Virgin for the nuns of Sant'Ambrogio.

    The painting shows the Virgin being crowned among angels and saints, including many Bernardine monks. One of these, placed to the right, is a half-length figure originally thought to be a self-portrait of Lippi, pointed out by the inscription is perfecit opus upon an angel's scroll. Later, it was believed instead to be a portrait of the benefactor who commissioned the painting.[8] The painting was celebrated in Robert Browning's poem "Fra Lippo Lippi" ().

    In , Lippi was appointed chaplain to the nuns at the Monastery of Santa Maria Maddalena in Florence.

    Fra Filippo is recorded as living in Prato (near Florence) in June to paint frescoes in the choir of the cathedral. In , while engaged in this work, he set about creating a painting for the monastery chapel of Santa Margherita in that city, where he met Lucrezia Buti, a beautiful boarder or novice of the Order and the daughter of the Florentines Caterina Ciacchi and Francesco Buti.

    Lippi asked that she might be permitted to sit for the figure of the Madonna (or perhaps Saint Margaret). Lippi engaged in sexual relations with her and abducted her to his own house. She remained there despite efforts by the nuns to reclaim her.[citation needed] This relationship resulted in their son Filippino Lippi in , who became a famous painter following his father, as well as a daughter, Alessandra, in Lucrezia is thought to be the model for many of Filippo Lippi's paintings of the Madonna, as well as for Salome in one of his monumental works.

    In , he was appointed commendatoryRector (Rettore commendatario) of San Quirico&#;[it] in Legnaia, from which institutions he occasionally made considerable profits. Despite these profits, Lippi struggled to escape poverty throughout his life.

    The close of Lippi's life was spent at Spoleto, where he had been commissioned to paint scenes from the Life of the Virgin for the apse of the cathedral.

    Fra filehippo lippi biography of albert einstein for kids Works [ edit ]. His escapades threw him into financial difficulties from which he did not hesitate to extricate himself by forgery. In the semidome of the apse is Christ crowning the Madonna, with angels, sibyls and prophets. His life reads more like a novel than that of a Carmelite Frate.

    His son, Filippino, served as workshop adjuvant in the construction. In the semidome of the apse is the Coronation of the Virgin, with angels, sibyls, and prophets. This series, which is not wholly equal to the one at Prato, was completed after Lippi's death by assistants under his fellow Carmelite, Fra Diamante.

    Lippi died in Spoleto, on or about 8 October The mode of his death is a matter of dispute.

    It has been said that the pope granted Lippi a dispensation to marry Lucrezia, but before the permission arrived Lippi had been poisoned by indignant relatives of Lucrezia or, in another version, by relatives of someone who had replaced her in the painter's affections.

    Works

    The frescoes in the choir of the cathedral of Prato, which depict the stories of Saint Stephen and Saint John the Baptist on the two main facing walls, are considered Fra Filippo's most important and monumental works, particularly the figure of Salome dancing, which has clear affinities with later works by Sandro Botticelli, his pupil, and Filippino Lippi, his son, as well as the scene showing the ceremonial mourning over Stephen's corpse.

    This latter is believed to contain a portrait of the painter, but there are various opinions as to which is the exact figure. The figure of the dancing Salome in the scene of the Feast of Herod is believed to be a portrait of Lucrezia. On the end wall of the choir are Saint John Gualbert and Saint Alberto, while the vault has monumental representations of the four evangelists.

    For Germiniano Inghirami of Prato he painted the Death of Saint Bernard.

    His principal altarpiece in this city is a Nativity in the refectory of San Domenico: the Christ child on the ground adored by the Virgin and Joseph, between Saints George and Dominic, in a rocky landscape, with the shepherds playing and six angels in the sky. A Vision of Saint Bernard is held in the National Gallery, London.

    Fra filehippo lippi biography of albert einstein scientist The painting of the Virgin and Child with an Angel also in the Uffizi is ascribed to Lippi, but that is disputed. Lippi is also considered a pioneer in striking a balance between mathematical and irregular perspective in the pictorial sphere - producing what the art historian Michael Baxandall called "uncanny but completely composed worlds" - and, as such, his influence can be seen in many of the greatest Renaissance masters, not least Botticelli his pupil , Michelangelo and Piero della Francesca. Madonna and Child Enthroned , Annunciation. Read Edit View history.

    In the Uffizi is a fine painting of the Virgin, also called "Lippina", adoring the infant Christ, who is held by two angels. The model for the Virgin is Lucrezia. A sometime lecturer at the gallery, the art historian Rocky Ruggiero identifies the painting as "one of the most beautiful paintings of the Italian Renaissance" and asserts that arguably, Lippi "is the first Italian painter with a true sensibility for feminine beauty".[9]

    The painting of the Virgin and Child with an Angel also in the Uffizi is ascribed to Lippi, but that is disputed.[10]

    Filippo Lippi died in while working on the frescoes of scenes from the Life of the Virgin (–) in the apse of Spoleto Cathedral.

    The frescoes show the Annunciation, the Funeral of the Virgin, the Adoration of the Christ Child, and the Coronation of the Virgin.[10] A group of bystanders depicted at the funeral includes a self-portrait of Lippi and his helpers, Fra Diamante and Pier Matteo d'Amelia, together with his son Filippino. Lippi was buried on the right side of the transept, with a monument commissioned by Lorenzo de' Medici.[4]

    Francesco di Pesello (called Pesellino) and Sandro Botticelli were among his most distinguished pupils who participated in his workshop.

    Selected works

    • Enthroned Madonna and Child (Madonna of Tarquinia) () –Tempera on panel, × 66&#;cm, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
    • Pietà (–) – Tempera on panel, 86 × &#;cm, Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan
    • Madonna and Child with Saints () – Panel, × &#;cm, Louvre, Paris
    • Penitent Saint Jerome with a Young Monk (c.

      ) – Tempera on panel, 54 × 37&#;cm, Lindenau Museum, Altenburg

    • The Annunciation with two Kneeling Donors (c. ) – Oil on panel, × &#;cm, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
    • Martelli Annunciation (c. ) – Tempera on panel, × &#;cm, San Lorenzo, Florence
    • Novitiate Altarpiece (c.

      Fra filehippo lippi biography of albert einstein Fra Filippo is recorded as living in Prato near Florence in June to paint frescoes in the choir of the cathedral. His son, Filippino, served as workshop adjuvant in the construction. The frescos were completed by Filippino Lippi, who also designed the funerary monument for his father. Despite these profits, Lippi struggled to escape poverty throughout his life.

      –) – Tempera on panel, × &#;cm, Uffizi, Florence

    • Coronation of the Virgin Sant'Ambrogio (–) – Tempera on panel, × &#;cm, Uffizi, Florence
    • Annunciation (c. –) – Wood, × &#;cm, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
    • Marsuppini Coronation (after ) – Tempera on panel, × &#;cm, Pinacoteca Vaticana, Rome
    • Annunciation (–50) – Oil on panel, × &#;cm, Galleria Doria Pamphilj, Rome
    • Annunciation (c.

      –) – Tempera on panel, 68 × &#;cm, National Gallery, London

    • Seven Saints (c. –) – Tempera on panel, 68 × &#;cm, National Gallery, London
    • Madonna and Child (c. ) – Panel, diameter &#;cm, Palazzo Pitti, Florence
    • Funeral of Saint Jerome (c.

      –) – Tempera on panel, × &#;cm, Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Prato Cathedral

    • Stories of Saint Stephen and Saint John the Baptist (–) – Fresco cycle, Cathedral of Prato
    • Madonna del Ceppo (c. –) – Panel, × &#;cm, Civic Museum, Prato
    • Madonna and Child (c.

      ) – Panel, Uffizi, Florence

    • Adoration in the Forest (late s) – Panel, × &#;cm, Staatliche Museen, Berlin
    • Madonna of Palazzo Medici-Riccardi (–) – Tempera on panel, × 71&#;cm, Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence
    • Life of the Virgin (–) – Fresco, apse of Spoleto Cathedral
    • Madonna and Child (between circa and circa ), Walters Art Museum[11]
    • Triptych of the Madonna of Humility with Saints

    Gallery

    References

    1. ^ abcdGillet, Louis.

      "Filippo Lippi". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, Retrieved 4 April

    2. ^ ab"Fra Filippo Lippi", The National Gallery, London
    3. ^ ab"Filippo Lippi", Virtual Uffizi Gallery
    4. ^"Madonna and Child".

      The Walters Art Museum.

    5. ^Greene, Robert (). The 48 Laws of Power. Penguin Books. pp.&#; ISBN&#;.
    6. ^Browning, Robert ().

      Biography of thomas alva edison: For all that, his art reveals neither sensuality nor worldliness". These also suggest some accessible resources for further research, especially ones that can be found and purchased via the internet. Jacopo della Quercia. Useful Resources.

      Robert Browning: Selected Poems. England: Penguin Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    7. ^Ruggiero, Rocky, Madonna and Child with Two Angels, Fra Lippo Lippi, Making Art and History Come Alive, , accessed 10 June
    8. ^ abRowlands, Eliot. "Lippi". Oxford Art Online.

      Biography of albert einstein summary The Catholic Encyclopedia of , as well as a number of biographers call the pirate story a fable. He was orphaned when he was two years old and sent to live with his aunt, [ 2 ] Mona Lapaccia. Such recognition would seemingly not be set aside lightly, particularly by a member of the Church, yet there is no apparent record of the pair marrying. About Us.

      Retrieved 14 February

    9. ^"Madonna and Child". The Walters Art Museum. Retrieved 26 September

    Further reading

    • Ruda, Jeffrey (). Fra Filippo Lippi: Life and Work. London: Phaidon Press.

    • Biography of thomas alva edison
    • Fra filehippo lippi biography of albert einstein in english
    • Biography of albert einstein pdf

      • ISBN&#;

    Historical novels

    • Proud, Linda (). A Gift for the Magus. Godstow Press. ISBN&#; [A literary novel about Filippo Lippi and Cosimo de' Medici.]

    External links